2025 Universal Registration Document

General and financial elements

Five-year financial summary

Five-year financial summary
  2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
I – Share capital at the end of the period I – Share capital at the end of the period

2021

 

I – Share capital at the end of the period

2022

 

I – Share capital at the end of the period

2023

 

I – Share capital at the end of the period

2024

 

I – Share capital at the end of the period2025

 

a – Share capital (in € thousands)

a – Share capital

(in € thousands)

2021

1,480,906

a – Share capital

(in € thousands)

2022

1,473,468

a – Share capital

(in € thousands)

2023

1,472,622

a – Share capital

(in € thousands)

2024

1,454,542

a – Share capital

(in € thousands)
20251,454,542
b – Number of ordinary shares in issue(1)

b – Number of ordinary shares in issue

(1)

2021

592,362,376

b – Number of ordinary shares in issue

(1)

2022

589,387,330

b – Number of ordinary shares in issue

(1)

2023

589,048,647

b – Number of ordinary shares in issue

(1)

2024

581,816,830

b – Number of ordinary shares in issue

(1)
2025581,816,830
II – Operations and net income for the period (in € thousands) II – Operations and net income for the period (in € thousands)

2021

 

II – Operations and net income for the period (in € thousands)

2022

 

II – Operations and net income for the period (in € thousands)

2023

 

II – Operations and net income for the period (in € thousands)

2024

 

II – Operations and net income for the period (in € thousands)2025

 

a – Revenue excluding taxes

a – Revenue excluding taxes

2021

15,021

a – Revenue excluding taxes

2022

18,821

a – Revenue excluding taxes

2023

19,575

a – Revenue excluding taxes

2024

19,805

a – Revenue excluding taxes

2025

22,598

b – Income before tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

b – Income before tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2021

2,507,774

b – Income before tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2022

2,905,550

b – Income before tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2023

2,302,388

b – Income before tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2024

2,298,815

b – Income before tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2025

1,995,110

c – Income tax(2)

c – Income tax

(2)

2021

(133,151)

c – Income tax

(2)

2022

(98,793)

c – Income tax

(2)

2023

(78,952)

c – Income tax

(2)

2024

(128,894)

c – Income tax

(2)
2025

103,679

d – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

d – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2021

2,580,256

d – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2022

2,853,052

d – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2023

2,411,848

d – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2024

1,784,265

d – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2025

1,844,883

e – Earnings for the period distributed

e – Earnings for the period distributed

2021

1,637,269

e – Earnings for the period distributed

2022

2,257,840

e – Earnings for the period distributed

2023

2,572,088

e – Earnings for the period distributed

2024

2,674,481

e – Earnings for the period distributed

20252,780,021(3)(4)
III – Results per share (in €)(5) III – Results per share (in €)(5)

2021

 

III – Results per share (in €)(5)

2022

 

III – Results per share (in €)(5)

2023

 

III – Results per share (in €)(5)

2024

 

III – Results per share (in €)(5)2025

 

a – Income after tax and employee profit sharing and before amortisation and provisions

a – Income after tax and employee profit sharing and before amortisation and provisions

2021

4.5

a – Income after tax and employee profit sharing and before amortisation and provisions

2022

5.1

a – Income after tax and employee profit sharing and before amortisation and provisions

2023

4.0

a – Income after tax and employee profit sharing and before amortisation and provisions

2024

4.2

a – Income after tax and employee profit sharing and before amortisation and provisions

2025

3.3

b – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

b – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2021

4.4

b – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2022

4.8

b – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2023

4.1

b – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2024

3.1

b – Income after tax, employee profit sharing, amortisation and provisions

2025

3.2

c – Net dividend paid per share

c – Net dividend paid per share

2021

2.90

c – Net dividend paid per share

2022

4.00

c – Net dividend paid per share

2023

4.50

c – Net dividend paid per share

2024

4.75

c – Net dividend paid per share

2025

5.00

(4)
IV – Employees IV – Employees

2021

 

IV – Employees

2022

 

IV – Employees

2023

 

IV – Employees

2024

 

IV – Employees2025

 

a – Average numbers employed during the period

a – Average numbers employed during the period

2021

334

a – Average numbers employed during the period

2022

329

a – Average numbers employed during the period

2023

341

a – Average numbers employed during the period

2024

372

a – Average numbers employed during the period

2025

394

b – Gross payroll cost for the period (in € thousands)

b – Gross payroll cost for the period

(in € thousands)

2021

30,148

b – Gross payroll cost for the period

(in € thousands)

2022

33,715

b – Gross payroll cost for the period

(in € thousands)

2023

34,495

b – Gross payroll cost for the period

(in € thousands)

2024

37,391

b – Gross payroll cost for the period

(in € thousands)
2025

41,281

c – Social security costs and other social benefit expenses (in € thousands)

c – Social security costs and other social benefit expenses

(in € thousands)

2021

20,077

c – Social security costs and other social benefit expenses

(in € thousands)

2022

21,282

c – Social security costs and other social benefit expenses

(in € thousands)

2023

22,819

c – Social security costs and other social benefit expenses

(in € thousands)

2024

27,568

c – Social security costs and other social benefit expenses

(in € thousands)
2025

32,683

Information on payment periods

In accordance with Articles L.441-14 and D.441-6 of the French Commercial Code, the tables below show the breakdown of trade payables and trade receivables by maturity at 31 December 2025.

Breakdown of invoices received and due but not paid at the accounts closing date
Breakdown of invoices received and due but not paid at the accounts closing date
  0 days 1 to 30 days 31 to 60 days 61 to 90 days 91 days and above Total (1 day and above)
A – Number of days overdue
Number of invoices concerned

Number of invoices concerned

0 days

500

Number of invoices concerned

1 to 30 days

3

Number of invoices concerned

31 to 60 days

5

Number of invoices concerned

61 to 90

days

2

Number of invoices concerned

91 days and above

488

Number of invoices concerned

Total

(1 day and above)

498

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned(in € thousands)

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)

0 days

1,592

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)
1 to 30 days

12

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)
31 to 60 days

24

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)
61 to 90

days

0

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)
91 days and above

519

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)

Total

(1 day and above)

556

Percentage of total ex-VAT purchases during the period

Percentage of total ex-VAT purchases during the period

0 days

1.00%

Percentage of total ex-VAT purchases during the period

1 to 30 days

0.01%

Percentage of total ex-VAT purchases during the period

31 to 60 days

0.02%

Percentage of total ex-VAT purchases during the period

61 to 90

days

0.00%

Percentage of total ex-VAT purchases during the period

91 days and above

0.33%

Percentage of total ex-VAT purchases during the period

Total

(1 day and above)

0.35%

B – Invoices excluded from item A relating to disputed or unrecognised payables and receivables
Number of invoices excluded

Number of invoices excluded

0 days

 

Number of invoices excluded

1 to 30 days

 

Number of invoices excluded

31 to 60 days

 

Number of invoices excluded

61 to 90

days

 

Number of invoices excluded

91 days and above

 

Number of invoices excluded

Total

(1 day and above)

29

Total amount of invoices excluded(in € thousands)

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)

0 days

 

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)
1 to 30 days

 

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)
31 to 60 days

 

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)
61 to 90

days

 

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)
91 days and above

 

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)

Total

(1 day and above)

116

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code) C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)

0 days

 

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)1 to 30 days

 

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)31 to 60 days

 

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)61 to 90

days

 

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)91 days and above

 

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)

Total

(1 day and above)

 

Payment periods used to calculate late payments

Payment periods used to calculate late payments

0 days

Contractual payment period: 60 days after the invoice date, or 45 days after the end of month in which the invoice was raised.

Breakdown of invoices raised and due but not paid at the accounts closing date
Breakdown of invoices raised and due but not paid at the accounts closing date
  0 days 1 to 30 days 31 to 60 days 61 to 90 days 91 days and above Total 1 day and above
A – Number of days overdue A – Number of days overdue

0 days

 

A – Number of days overdue

1 to 30 days

 

A – Number of days overdue31 to 60

days

 

A – Number of days overdue61 to 90

days

 

A – Number of days overdue

91 days

and above

 

A – Number of days overdue

Total

1 day and above

 

Number of invoices concerned

Number of invoices concerned

0 days

101

Number of invoices concerned

1 to 30 days

56

Number of invoices concerned

31 to 60

days

40

Number of invoices concerned

61 to 90

days

12

Number of invoices concerned

91 days

and above

337

Number of invoices concerned

Total

1 day and above

445

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned (in € thousands)

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)

0 days

16,635

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)

1 to 30 days

1,555

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)
31 to 60

days

148

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)
61 to 90

days

4,074

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)

91 days

and above

7,881

Total ex-VAT amount of invoices concerned

(in € thousands)

Total

1 day and above

13,658

Percentage of total ex-VAT sales during the period

Percentage of total ex-VAT sales during the period

0 days

3.08%

Percentage of total ex-VAT sales during the period

1 to 30 days

0.29%

Percentage of total ex-VAT sales during the period

31 to 60

days

0.03%

Percentage of total ex-VAT sales during the period

61 to 90

days

0.75%

Percentage of total ex-VAT sales during the period

91 days

and above

1.44%

Percentage of total ex-VAT sales during the period

Total

1 day and above

2.52%

B – Invoices excluded from item A relating to disputed or unrecognised payables and receivables
Number of invoices excluded

Number of invoices excluded

0 days

 

Number of invoices excluded

1 to 30 days

 

Number of invoices excluded

31 to 60

days

 

Number of invoices excluded

61 to 90

days

 

Number of invoices excluded

91 days

and above

 

Number of invoices excluded

Total

1 day and above

Nil

Total amount of invoices excluded (in € thousands)

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)

0 days

 

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)

1 to 30 days

 

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)
31 to 60

days

 

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)
61 to 90

days

 

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)

91 days

and above

 

Total amount of invoices excluded

(in € thousands)

Total

1 day and above

Nil

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code) C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)

0 days

 

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)

1 to 30 days

 

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)31 to 60

days

 

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)61 to 90

days

 

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)

91 days

and above

 

C – Reference payment periods used (contractual or statutory - Article L.441-6 or Article L.443-1 of the French Commercial Code)

Total

1 day and above

 

Payment periods used to calculate late payments

Payment periods used to calculate late payments

0 days

Statutory periods: 45 days after the end of month in which the invoice was raised