In the event of a change in scope:
Total energy consumption is expressed in megawatt hours (MWh) higher calorific value (HCV). The conversion factors used, drawn from version 23.2 of the Base Empreinte® database managed by French environment and energy management agency Ademe, are 10.66 kWh/ litre for diesel fuel, 9.82 kWh/litre for petrol, 11.15 kWh/litre for used oils, 11,888 kWh/tonne for heavy fuel oil, 3,069 kWh/tonne for coal (lignite), 10.66 kWh/litre for biofuels used as diesel substitutes (Oleo100, E85, HVO100, and others) and 9.82 kWh/litre for other biofuels used as petrol substitutes.
Carbon intensity is calculated by dividing total greenhouse gas emissions (Scopes 1, 2 and 3) by the Group’s consolidated revenue (see the consolidated financial statements, page 316). In 2024, the greenhouse gas emissions of entities acquired during the year were not included in the Group’s total emissions. The impact of these changes in scope on the calculation of carbon intensity (less than 1%) is considered to be non-material.
The Group reports its emissions of all greenhouse gases covered by the Kyoto Protocol: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).
The conversion factors used to calculate Scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions and Scope 2 emissions in metropolitan and overseas France come from the 2024 Ademe Base Empreinte® database. The conversion factors used to calculate Scope 2 emissions outside France are drawn from the 2022 International Energy Agency (IEA) database (published in 2024).
Reported Scope 1 emissions include stationary and mobile fuel combustion emissions and process emissions. Fugitive emissions from refrigerant gases are not included in reported data, since their impact is not considered to be significant in comparison to the Group’s consolidated Scope 1 emissions.
Location-based and market-based methods were used to calculate emissions from the electricity consumption of Group entities (Scope 2). The location-based method takes into account the average electricity mix of the grid for each country where the electricity is consumed, applying an emission factor of zero for electricity from renewable sources under on-site power purchase agreements and for the self- consumption of such electricity. The market-based method calculates the emissions from the electricity actually purchased, applying an emission factor of zero to the consumption of electricity from renewable sources (including guarantee of origin certificates, supplier contracts with a guaranteed share of green electricity, and off-site power purchase agreements).
Biogenic emissions are assessed based on energy consumption and the share of biogenic emissions as determined using the emissions factors from the Ademe Base Empreinte® database for Scope 1 and from the IEA database for Scope 2.
To measure the progress made by the Group in reducing its direct greenhouse gas emissions between 2018 and 2030, the reduction achieved in year Y is compared against an initial emissions baseline. Each year, the 2018 baseline is adjusted to reflect acquisitions and disposals during the relevant period (see paragraph 5.2, “Changes in scope”, above). Accordingly, emissions reported in 2018 are adjusted for changes in scope between 2018 and year Y, in order to track the Group’s progress against its emissions reduction targets on a like-for-like basis.
The 2018 emissions of entities acquired in year Y are calculated as follows:
To calculate Scope 3 emissions, the recommendations published by the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol) in its Technical Guidance for Calculating Scope 3 Emissions (version 1.0) were followed. Of the 15 emissions categories defined by the GHG Protocol, all but four were considered to be relevant to VINCI’s activities. The exceptions are Category 9, Downstream transportation and distribution; Category 10, Processing of sold products; Category 13, Downstream leased assets; and Category 14, Franchises.
The Group goes beyond the requirements of the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) by including emissions from motorway traffic, which are classified as indirect use-phase emissions of sold products. For VINCI Construction’s activities, only the downstream emissions of new-build and renovated buildings by the Building France Division are taken into account, since other built infrastructure assets do not directly consume energy. For VINCI Highways’ activities, a rule has been applied to only calculate emissions from consolidated entities operating as concession holders. Where appropriate, some business lines apply industry-specific standards. For example, VINCI Autoroutes uses the tools provided by the Association of French Motorway Companies (Asfa), while VINCI Immobilier applies the standard set by the French environmental regulation for new buildings (RE2020). VINCI Airports follows the recommendations of the Airport Carbon Accreditation (ACA), but does not include aircraft cruising emissions in the Group’s Scope 3 calculations. Reporting on these emissions is only required for accredited airports having reached ACA Level 4 or Level 5.
